Brush cleaning a ventilation duct through an access door with a connected vacuum

Ventilation system cleaning in Bremen: ducts, outlets, fans and heat recovery

The cleaning works on the component itself. Whether the system additionally needs a hygienic assessment is a second question and a separate order.

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Category
Ventilation and exhaust cleaning
Reachable
Mo–Fr 07:30–17:30 Uhr
Site visit
Free of charge, on site

In short

Ventilation system cleaning covers the duct system and its built-in components: supply and extract ducts, outlets, fans, silencers and heat exchangers. It is not a hygienic assessment of the system; that is a separate process with its own methodology and report. No statutory cleaning interval applies. What governs is the condition of the system, the operator's duties and the requirements of the contract or tender.

Problem und Lösung

The challenge

The trigger is rarely the cleaning itself. Mostly it is complaints: there is a smell from the outlet, dust trails hang from the disc valves, an outlet in a hall becomes blocked, or an inspection body has criticised deposits in the duct during a site walk. Three situations recur: purely precautionary action because no documentation has existed for years; a concrete defect with odour, dust escape or suspected mould behind cooling coils; and a need for evidence because the owner, an audit or the insurer asks for records on the maintenance of the ventilation system. What makes this harder is that the work is invisible: afterwards you only see that nothing stands out any more.

Our solution

The scope follows the duct routing, not the visible area. First the existing system is recorded: routes, cross-sections, built-in components and accessibility, with photographic documentation of the initial condition. A work plan then follows with sections, sealing off and shutdown periods; work proceeds from the cleaning side to the extraction side. During the work a controlled negative pressure keeps the mobilised dust out of occupied rooms. Tools are matched to the cross-section and the material, because sharp edges and coarse brushes damage ducts, coatings and insulation. Finally the inspection covers are closed tightly, dismantled outlets are refitted and, where provided for, the air volumes are readjusted. The documentation compares the final images with the images taken before, from the same camera positions.

Scope of service

  • Condition survey: duct routing, cross-sections, built-in components and accessibility are recorded and photographically documented in the initial state.
  • Inspection openings: opening existing covers and closing them again tightly and as intended. Retrofitting only takes place after agreement and in line with the requirements for maintenance-friendly air ducts.
  • Ductwork: mechanical cleaning with tools matched to the cross-section and the material, loosening and removal of the deposits in the direction of flow.
  • Sealing off and negative pressure: controlled routing of the air stream so that mobilised dust does not reach occupied rooms.
  • Outlets and valves: dismantling, cleaning in a dip bath or by another suitable method, reinstallation.
  • Fans: cleaning of the impeller and casing, visual check for imbalance and deposits.
  • Silencers: dust removal from the baffles without fibre abrasion and without damaging the acoustic material.
  • Heat exchangers, coils and heat recovery: cleaning of finned packs without deforming the fins.
  • Filter stages: change according to the manufacturer's and system specification and according to differential pressure, with a check of the sealing seat.
  • Scope boundary: grease-laden kitchen exhaust runs belong to kitchen exhaust cleaning, and a hygienic assessment of the system to air handling system cleaning to VDI 6022 – both are services in their own right with their own procedure.

Typical subservices

  • Condition survey and photographic documentation
  • Ductwork cleaning
  • Outlets and disc valves
  • Fans and silencers
  • Coils and heat recovery
  • Inspection openings and reclosing

Suitable for

  • Office, administration and school buildings with pure supply and extract air: low to medium dust load; what decides is whether the ducts can be reached.
  • Recirculating and mixed-air systems: the return air routes have to be considered for both hygiene and energy.
  • Industrial and hall ventilation with high dust and fibre loads: it must be clarified in advance whether combustible dusts are involved – a different risk assessment then applies.
  • Warehouse and logistics areas with ducts above the racking and narrow maintenance windows.
  • Schools, day-care centres and public buildings: work during the holidays or outside hours of use, with high demands on separating off the work area.
  • Residential and mixed-use buildings with a central extract system and many outlets: here the users are residents, which makes agreeing access correspondingly more involved.

Your advantages

Tailored to this service – aligned with site and industry.

  • Access decides, not intention

    Without an inspection opening, no section of duct can be cleaned, inspected or documented. Whether openings are missing and how they can be added must be clarified before the assignment.

  • Dust is directed, not stirred up

    Sealing off and controlled negative pressure keep the mobilised dust inside the system and out of the occupied rooms.

  • Back in operation, not merely clean

    The work only ends when inspection covers sit tightly, outlets are refitted and the air volumes have been readjusted – where this is provided for.

Process

How your project runs

  1. 1

    Site visit with condition survey

    Duct routing, built-in components, cross-sections and accessibility are recorded. Without this knowledge no reliable planning is possible.

  2. 2

    Work plan

    Sections, sealing off, shutdown periods and the sequence are defined. Work proceeds from the cleaning side to the extraction side.

  3. 3

    Sealing off and extraction

    The sections to be opened are separated off; a controlled negative pressure with a suitable filter stage keeps detached dust out of the room.

  4. 4

    Mechanical cleaning

    Tools are matched to the cross-section and the material. Sharp edges and coarse brushes damage ducts, coatings and insulation.

  5. 5

    Reinstatement and documentation

    Close the inspection covers tightly, refit the outlets, readjust where provided for. The final images are taken from the same camera positions as the images before the work.

Methods and equipment

  • A work plan with sealing off and controlled negative pressure, so that detached dust does not reach occupied rooms.
  • Mechanical cleaning from the cleaning side to the extraction side, with tools matched to the cross-section and the material.
  • Dry cleaning with extraction at the ductwork; dust removal from silencer baffles without fibre abrasion.
  • Material-specific treatment of finned packs, coils and heat exchangers without deforming the fins.
  • Reclosing of the inspection covers and reinstatement of dismantled outlets including readjustment, where this is provided for.
  • Assessment of accessible sections by visual finding. Which additional evidence you expect for inaccessible sections belongs in the tender.

Technical and legal framework

This service sits within a framework of statutory duties, technical rulebooks and operational practice. The distinction matters because it determines who is responsible for what.

Who is responsible
The operator is responsible for the system and its maintenance. The client for the cleaning may be the property management company, the owner or a commercial tenant – these are different roles with different duties. The users are the people in the ventilated rooms; their protection is the yardstick, even when the contamination remains technically invisible.
There is no statutory interval
A statement such as 'ventilation systems must be cleaned annually' does not hold. Duties arise from occupational health and safety law: workplaces must be maintained so that hazards are avoided, and deposits that can cause immediate danger must be removed. That is required by the Ordinance on Workplaces; the Occupational Health and Safety Act additionally requires a risk assessment. A cleaning obligation can follow from this – but from the condition of the system, not from a calendar interval.
DIN EN 15780
A standard, not a rule of law. It deals with the cleanliness of ventilation systems and therefore describes how the cleaning condition of air ducts can be assessed and evidenced: an assessment yardstick, not a cleaning instruction. It becomes binding only through contract, legal reference or presumption effect. Professional review of the standard in its full text is required.
DIN EN 12097
Also a standard, not a rule of law. Its subject is components that make the maintenance of air duct systems easier – in practice the question of inspection access. For the client this is the prompt to settle accessibility in the tender itself, rather than discovering it on the first assignment. Professional review of the standard in its full text is required.
Duct cleaning and hygienic assessment are two processes
A cleaning is a service on the component and produces no hygiene finding. A hygienic assessment of the system is an evaluation with its own methodology, its own personnel profile and its own report; it is the subject of air handling system cleaning to VDI 6022. Anyone who sells duct cleaning as a hygiene inspection conflates two processes. Both can make sense, but they belong in separately described items – and here too: professional review of the standard in its full text is required.
Dusts, fire alarm system and disposal
For dust-intensive work, coordination with the fire alarm system is to be provided for. Where combustible dusts are involved, a different risk assessment applies, and the affected run belongs in an explosion-protection procedure rather than a general duct programme. Where contaminated dusts arise, the disposal route and the evidence have to be clarified in advance.

The rulebooks named here describe requirements for how the work is carried out – they are not a certification held by BREREI. VDI and DIN normative texts are chargeable and were not available in full; where a statement touches the normative detail, this is noted in place.

What determines the interval

  • Type of process in the building: office air carries little dust, production and wood dust very much more. Depending on the operation, a duct can be substantially loaded within a few years.
  • Filter stages and their condition: upstream filters retain a large part of the particles; a leaking sealing seat partly cancels this effect out.
  • Moisture: where condensate forms or humidifiers are operated, deposits are more relevant to hygiene than in dry systems – this is where the hygiene case begins, and it has to be assessed separately.
  • Accessibility and maintenance history: systems with sufficient inspection openings are checked more regularly, and visible findings are identified earlier.
  • Complaints and findings: odour, dust escape or reports from users are grounds for a condition survey, irrespective of the cycle.
  • Contractual requirements: a maintenance contract, the tender or insurance conditions can specify intervals that the operator has to keep to.

What determines the effort and the quotation

  • Length and cross-section of the ducts and the number of bends
  • Number and design of the outlets and valves
  • Accessibility, including missing inspection openings and any retrofitting required
  • Design of the built-in components: silencers, coils, heat exchangers and heat transfer units are more involved than smooth duct runs
  • Degree of contamination and the material of the deposits
  • Sealing off required, scaffolding or lifting equipment
  • Working time window at night, at weekends or during holidays, and the number of sections worked on at the same time
  • Scope of documentation and additional items such as filter changes or readjustment – as well as the preconditions you create: as-built documents, access to plant rooms and intermediate ceilings, a regulated shutdown and clearance

Applicable standards and regulations

  • Ordinance on Workplaces (ArbStättV) – legally binding
  • Occupational Health and Safety Act (ArbSchG) – legally binding
  • Hazardous Substances Ordinance (GefStoffV) – legally binding, with the Technical Rules for Hazardous Substances as its concretisation
  • DGUV Vorschrift 1 – accident prevention regulation, binding on member businesses
  • DGUV Information 209-073 – information issued by the employers' liability insurance association, not a legal norm
  • DIN EN 15780 – standard, binding only through contract, legal reference or presumption effect
  • DIN EN 12097 – standard, binding only through contract, legal reference or presumption effect
  • VDI 6022 (guideline series) – VDI guideline, not a legal norm; takes effect through contract, insurance condition or customary practice
  • VDI 2052 – VDI guideline, not a legal norm; applies to grease-laden kitchen exhaust, not to general ductwork
  • Manufacturer specifications – manufacturer specification, takes effect through the purchase and maintenance contract

These references describe the requirements the work is performed against. They are not a certification, inspection or approval held by BREREI.

Frequently asked questions about this service

Short answers to help you assess whether this service fits your site.

Is ventilation system cleaning legally required?

There is no statutory cleaning interval. Duties arise from occupational health and safety law – in particular the duty to maintain workplaces free of hazards and to remove hazardous contamination – from accident prevention regulations for member businesses and from contractual arrangements. What decides is therefore the condition of the system and the individual agreement, not a general cycle.

How often should a ventilation system be cleaned?

That depends on the process, the filter technology, moisture and accessibility. Long intervals are usual in low-dust office buildings, considerably shorter ones in manufacturing and woodworking businesses. What makes technical sense is a maintenance plan that carries the documented finding forward, instead of asserting a blanket interval. Requirements arising from contracts have to be observed.

How do you recognise that cleaning is required?

Typical indications are odour nuisance in the ventilated room, dust trails or dark edges at outlets, visible deposits on inspection covers and duct interiors, points of condensate and moisture, and complaints from users. The assessment becomes reliable through a condition survey with photographic documentation – not through an impression formed from within the room.

What is the difference from a hygiene inspection to VDI 6022?

Duct cleaning removes deposits from the component. The hygienic assessment evaluates the condition of the system according to its own methodology, with defined personnel qualification and a finding report. A cleaning is not an assessment, and an assessment is not a cleaning. If you need both, you should commission both separately – the service responsible is air handling system cleaning to VDI 6022, which covers assessment, personnel categories and report.

Does the building or the operation have to be closed for this?

Not necessarily. With sealing off and controlled extraction, work can in many cases proceed section by section while the building is in use. Work areas below opened ducts should however remain clear, and shutting down the system and coordinating with the fire alarm system are preconditions. Whether a section can be worked on during use is decided by the condition of the ducts, not by the wish to protect a schedule.

What does the contractor document, and what is the document not?

What is documented is the initial condition, the sections worked on, the work carried out, anything unusual and the result images after cleaning. The report is a description of the service. It is not an official certificate, not a declaration of conformity and not a confirmation by the VDI. Whether it is recognised as evidence in an individual case is decided by the body requesting it.

Have the condition of the ventilation system surveyed

A sound assessment needs a site survey: duct routing, built-in components, accessibility and the visible condition are recorded. Tell us the property, its use and any existing documents; from that a description of the work required is produced. There are no advance commitments on costs, dates or response times.

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Mon–Fri, 07:30–17:30 – we are happy to call you back.

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